Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON) was established by the Government of Nepal on June 7, 1993 as an apex regulator of Securities Markets in Nepal. It has been regulating the market under the Securities Act, 2006. The functions, duties and powers of SEBON as per the Act are as follows.

• To offer advice to Government on matters connected with the development of the capital market.
• To register the securities of corporate bodies established with the authority to make a public issue of its securities.
• To regulate and systematize the issue, transfer, sale and exchange of registered securities.
• To give permission to operate a stock exchange to any corporate body desirous of doing so, subject to this Act or the rules and bye-rules framed under this Act.
• To supervise and monitor the functions and activities of stock exchange.
• To inspect whether or not any stock exchange is executing its functions and activities in accordance with this Act  or the rules and bye-rules framed under this Act, and to suspend or cancel the license of any stock exchange which is not found to be doing so.
• To issue licenses to conduct the business of dealing in securities, subject to this Act, or the rules and the bye-rules framed under this Act, to companies or institutions desirous of conducting the business of dealing in securities.
• To supervise and monitor the functions and activities of securities-dealers.
• To grant permission to operate collective investment schemes and investment fund programs, and to supervise and monitor them.
• To approve the bye-rules concerning transactions in securities framed by stock exchanges and institutions engaged in the business of dealing in securities, and, for the purpose of making necessary provisions concerning the development of the capital market and protecting the interests of investors investing in securities, issue orders to have necessary alterations made in such bye-rules of stock exchange and institutions engaged in the business of dealing in securities.
• To systematize the task of clearing accounts related to transactions in securities.
• To supervise whether or not security dealers are behaving in the manner prescribed in this Act, or the rules and the bye-rules framed under this Act, while conducting business of dealing in securities, and suspend the license to conduct the business of dealing in securities in case any securities dealer is not found to be behaving accordingly.
• To make or ensure necessary arrangements to regulate the volume of securities transacted and the procedure of conducting such transactions in order to ensure the promotion, development and clean operation of stock exchanges.
• To make necessary arrangements to prevent insider trading or any other offenses relating to transactions in securities in order to protect the interest of investors in securities.
• To review or make arrangement for reviewing the financial statements submitted by the corporate bodies issuing securities and security dealers, and issue directives deemed necessary in that connection to the concerned corporate body.
• To systematize and make transparent the act of acquiring the ownership of a company or gaining control over its management by purchasing its shares in a single lot or in different lots.
• To establish coordination and exchange cooperation with the appropriate agencies in order to supervise and regulate matters concerning securities or companies.
• To discharge or make arrangements for discharging such other functions as are necessary for the development of securities and the capital market.

The major financial sources of SEBON are the government grant, transaction fee from the stock exchange and registration fee of corporate securities. Other financing sources include registration and renewal of stock exchange and market intermediaries and the income from mobilization of its revolving fund.